| Khmer (ភាសាខ្មែរ - Phéasa Khmér) |
| Spoken in: |
Cambodia,<br>Vietnam, Thailand, USA, France, Australia> Cambodia,<br>Vietnam, Thailand, USA, France, Australia |
| Total speakers: |
7 million native +<br />1 million learners |
| Ranking: |
102 |
| Genetic<br />classification: |
Austroasiatic<br />>Austroasiatic<br /> |
| Official status |
| Official language of: |
Cambodia |
| Regulated by: |
? |
| Language codes |
| ISO 639-1>^ km |
| ^ khm |
| ^ khm |
| SIL >^ KMR |
Khmer is one of the main
Austroasiatic languages.
Sanskrit and
Pali have had considerable influence on the language, through the vehicles of
Buddhism and
Hinduism.
Thai and
Laotian have also influenced Khmer as result of their geographic proximity.
Khmer is somewhat unusual among its neighboring languages (Thai, Laotian and Vietnamese) in that it is not a tonal language.
Dialects are sometimes quite marked; notable variations are found in speakers from Phnom Penh (the capital city) and Battambang (pronounced by Khmers as Battambong) in the countryside.
A notable characteristic of the Phnom Penh accent is a tendency towards what might be considered "relaxed" pronunciation, with some parts slurred together or dropped entirely. For instance, "Phnom Penh" will sometimes be shortened to "m'Penh". Another characteristic of the Phnom Penh accent is observed in words with an "r" in the second position of the first syllable (that is, where "r" is the second consonant, as in the English word "bread"). The "r" is not pronounced, and the first consonant is pronounced harder than usual, and the syllable is spoken with a dipping tone much like the "hỏi" tone in Vietnamese. For example, some people pronounce "dreey" (meaning "fish") as "te"; the "d" becomes a "t", and the vowel (similar to "long A" in English) begins low and rises in tone. Another example is the word for orange: it is pronounced kroich (the older form) by those in the countryside, but simply koich (without the r) by those in the city.
Khmer is written with the Khmer alphabet. Khmer numerals, very similar to Thai numerals, are used more widely than Arabic numerals.
External links
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