Events
Births
- April 2 - Cornelis de Houtman, Dutch explorer who discovered a new sea route from Europe to Indonesia and managed to begin the Dutch spice trade (died 1599)
- August 16 - Christina, Grand Duchess of Tuscany (died 1637)
- Riza Abbasi, Persian painter and calligrapher (died 1635)
- Gregor Aichinger, German composer (died 1628)
- Edward Blount, printer of Shakespeare
- John Davies, Welsh poet (died 1618)
- Ferdinando Gorges, early English colonial entrepreneur (died 1647)
- Marie de Gournay, French writer (died 1645)
- John Davies of Hereford, Anglo-Welsh poet (died 1618)
- George Kirbye, English composer of the late Tudor and early Jacobean eras (died 1634)
- Duarte Lobo, Portuguese composer (died 1646)
- Francis Meres, English churchman and author (died 1647)
- Pedro Fernández de Quirós, Portuguese seaman and explorer (died 1614)
- John Spottiswoode, Archbishop of St Andrews (died 1639)
- Francis Tanfield, Proprietary Governor of the South Falkland colony
- Alessandro Tassoni, Italian poet and writer (died 1635)
- Edmund Whitelocke, English soldier and courtier (died 1608)
- Robert Wintour, one of the leading members of the 1605 Gunpowder Plot (died 1606)
Deaths
- March 17 - Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian of the school of Augsburg (born 1500)
- June 12 - Adrianus Turnebus, French classical scholar (born 1512)
- June 17 - Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shogun (born 1536)
- October 5 - Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (born 1522)
- October 12 - Jean Ribault, French naval officer (born 1520)
- October 14 - Thomas Chaloner, English statesman and poet (born 1521)
- December 9 - Pope Pius IV (born 1499)
- December 13 - Conrad Gessner, Swiss naturalist (born 1516)
- Giacomo Aconzio, Italian writer (born 1492)
- Nicolaus Von Amsdorf, German Protestant reformer (born 1483)
- Jacques Buus, Franco-Flemish composer and organist (born 1500)
- William Farel, French evangelist (born 1489)
- James Lainez, Jesuit General and theologian (born 1512)
- Yadegar Moxammad, last khan of Kazan Khanate
- Mikolaj Czarny Radziwill, Polish magnate (born 1515)
- Mikolaj VII Radziwill, Great Chamberlain of Lithuania (born 1546)
- Cypriano de Rore, Flemish composer and teacher (born 1515)
- Lope de Rueda, Spanish dramatist and author
- Pawel Tarlo, canon of Krakow
- Pier Paolo Vergerio, Italian Reformer (born 1498)
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